Melasma is a skin disorder that results from the overproduction of melanin, a pigment responsible for the color of your skin. The most common causal factors are exposure to the sun and hormones like estrogen.
There are many different factors that can contribute to Melasma, but most cases are caused by an excessive amount of the hormone estrogen. Estrogen can cause the production of melanin, which is responsible for the appearance of Melasma. You can get more info. about melasma treatment at https://www.artofmedicinedirect.com/services/melasma/.
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Topical medications are the most common treatment for melasma. Topical medications are applied to the skin directly. Systemic medications are taken by mouth.
The most common topical medication for melasma is hydroquinone (HQ). HQ is a bleaching agent that works by lightening brown spots or patches on the skin. It can take several weeks for HQ to work its full effect, but it generally is effective in diminishing melasma. Side effects of HQ include dryness, redness, and irritation.
Another topical medication used for melasma is tretinoin (TEN). TEN is a retinoid derivative that is also used to treat other skin conditions like acne and psoriasis. TEN works by increasing the production of new skin cells. Side effects of TEN include dryness, peeling and worsened wrinkles due to increased collagen production.